Hubble Telescope Reveals Swarm of Glittering Stars in Nearby Galaxy
NASA’s Hubble Space Telescope has peered at a small area
within the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) to provide the deepest
color picture ever obtained in that satellite galaxy of our own Milky Way.
Over 10,000 stars can be seen in the photo, covering a region in the LMC about 130
light-years wide. The faintest stars in the picture are some 100 million times dimmer
than the human eye’s limit of visibility. Our Sun, if located in the LMC, would be one
of the faintest stars in the photograph, indistinguishable from the swarm of other
similar stars.
Also visible in the image are sheets of glowing gas, and dark patches of interstellar
dust silhouetted against the stars and gas behind them.
The LMC is a small companion galaxy of our own Milky Way, visible only from
Earth’s southern hemisphere. It is named after Ferdinand Magellan, one of the first
Europeans to explore the world’s southern regions. The LMC attracts the attention of
modern-day astronomers because, at a distance of only 168,000 light-years, it is one of
the nearest galaxies.
The Wide Field Planetary Camera 2 (WFPC2) image was taken in 1996 in Hubble’s
“parallel” mode while another of the telescope’s instruments, the Faint Object
Spectrograph, was taking long exposures of the LMC’s Tarantula Nebula. The
Tarantula, lying outside the field of view of the WFPC2 photograph, is a tremendous
cloud of gas, within which new stars are forming.
NASA astronomers Sally Heap, Eliot Malumuth, and Philip Plait, who work at the
Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, pointed Hubble’s spectrograph
at the core of the Tarantula to investigate its young stars. They also switched on
WFPC2 at the same time, in order to obtain the image presented here.
The Hubble Heritage Team later combined the WFPC2 images, taken through different
color filters, in order to create the color picture shown here. The range of star colors
visible in the WFPC2 image reveals the variety of stellar surface temperatures. Hot
stars, with temperatures of 10,000 degrees Celsius and above, have a bluish-white
color; stars cooler than our Sun’s 6,000 degrees Celsius are reddish.
