NASA will award a total of $2.7 million to eight robotics projects in an effort to push forward the frontiers of space exploration, agency officials announced Sept. 14.

The projects range from efforts to improve planetary rovers to new technologies for humanoid robotics systems. The new endeavors should aid the development and use of robots both in space and on factory floors in the United States, NASA officials said.

“Selected through our participation in the National Robotics Initiative, these new projects will support NASA as we plan for our asteroid mission in 2025 and the human exploration of Mars around 2035,” NASA Chief Technologist Mason Peck said in a statement.

The winning proposals, which will receive awards ranging from $150,000 to $1 million, are:

  • “Toward Human Avatar Robots for Co-Exploration of Hazardous Environments,” J. Pratt, principal investigator, Florida Institute of Human Machine Cognition, Pensacola.
  • “A Novel Powered Leg Prosthesis Simulator for Sensing and Control Development,” H. Herr, principal investigator, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge.
  • “Long-range Prediction of Non-Geometric Terrain Hazards for Reliable Planetary Rover Traverse,” R. Whittaker, principal investigator, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh.
  • “Active Skins for Simplified Tactile Feedback in Robotics,” S. Bergbreiter, principal investigator, University of Maryland, College Park.
  • “Actuators for Safe, Strong and Efficient Humanoid Robots,” S. Pekarek, principal investigator, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana.
  • “Whole-body Telemanipulation of the Dreamer Humanoid Robot on Rough Terrains Using Hand Exoskeleton,” L. Sentis, principal investigator, University of Texas at Austin.
  • “Long, Thin Continuum Robots for Space Applications,” I. Walker, principal investigator, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina.
  • “Manipulating Flexible Materials Using Sparse Coding,” R. Platt, principal investigator, State University of New York, Buffalo.

Advanced robotics systems are crucial to NASA as unmanned robots like the recently landed Mars rover Curiosity are the agency’s off-planet exploration workhorses. NASA is actively developing robots that will work alongside humans in space and tackle dangerous or mundane jobs.

For example, NASA delivered a $2.5 million humanoid robot called Robonaut 2 to the international space station in February 2011. Robonaut 2, which was developed via a partnership with carmaker General Motors, is designed to be an autonomous assistant to astronauts aboard the orbiting lab, helping out with complex chores to keep everything running smoothly.

The U.S. National Science Foundation managed the solicitation and peer review selection process for the newly announced awards.

Under the National Robotics Initiative, the National Science Foundation, NASA, the National Institutes of Health and the Department of Agriculture are working together to help engage and train the next generation of American roboticists, NASA officials said.